国家医保局 recently released a new guideline for medical service pricing in the field of urology, aiming to standardize and optimize healthcare services related to泌尿系统 diseases. This move is part of ongoing efforts to improve the quality and accessibility of medical treatments, particularly for patients with chronic conditions like kidney failure.

According to the newly issued《泌尿系统医疗服务价格项目立项指南（试行）》,原有的相关医疗服务项目进行了整合和优化。The guidelines now categorize services into 108 main items, 22 add-on items, and 9 extended items. These cover a wide range of treatments for organs such as kidneys, bladder, ureters, prostate, testicles, and the尿道.

透析治疗, especially important for patients with kidney failure, has been given special attention in this guideline. With over one million people in China receiving dialysis, ensuring fair and transparent pricing is crucial. The guidelines clarify the pricing for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis services to guide medical institutions in providing standardized treatment options that meet patient needs.

在保留现有常用项目的基础上，the guidelines also incorporate new developments in medical technology. For example, patients undergoing hemodialysis can now receive simultaneous血液透析滤过 services if their condition requires it. Previously, some areas charged for two separate services, which could increase costs for patients. The new guidelines streamline this process by creating a unified pricing structure for combined treatments.

Monitoring during dialysis is essential to ensure treatment effectiveness and patient safety. However,各地的收费政策 varied widely. Some regions included monitoring as part of the dialysis service fee, while others set separate charges or broke it down into individual tests like blood temperature and pressure checks.

To address these inconsistencies and improve service quality, the guidelines now require that basic monitoring services be covered under the dialysis fee. For institutions with limited equipment, reduced fees are permitted based on the extent of monitoring they can provide.

腹膜透析 offers distinct advantages over hemodialysis, particularly its convenience for patients to perform at home. To encourage wider adoption of this treatment method, new pricing items have been introduced for training and extended services related to peritoneal dialysis. These include fees for operation training and follow-up support during home therapy.

耗材收费也是一个重要方面。For in-hospital treatments, items like iodophor caps and heparin caps are included as part of basic supplies under the dialysis fee. However, patients using these materials at home can be charged separately by medical institutions following a零差率 pricing policy.

新技术的应用也是本次指南的一大亮点。For instance, new pricing items have been added for implanting, removing, and replacing artificial urinary sphincter devices. This advancement provides hope for patients with conditions like prostate surgery or congenital defects that lead to loss of bladder control.

国家医保局强调，各地在执行新 guidelines时，要充分考虑患者负担和医保基金的承受能力，确保医疗服务机构能够持续健康发展。特别对于一些长期需要使用特殊项目的慢性病患者，相关部门将重点优化价格政策，缩小地区间差异，并降低偏高的设备监测费用。

总体来看，这些措施将进一步规范泌尿系统相关医疗服务收费，促进新技术的应用和治疗服务的多样化发展，为患者提供更加全面、便捷和经济的医疗选择。This initiative reflects the government's commitment to improving healthcare quality and accessibility through evidence-based policy-making.